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Cecilia Payne: Composition of the universe
Cecilia Payne: Composition of the universe
Since her death in 1979, the woman who discovered what the universe is made of has not so much as received a memorial plaque. Her newspaper obituaries do not mention her greatest discovery. We learn in high school student that Isaac Newton discovered gravity, that Charles Darwin discovered evolution, and that Albert Einstein discovered the relativity of time. But when it comes to the composition of our universe, the textbooks simply say that the most abundant atom in the universe is hydrogen. And no one ever wonders how we know.”
Since her death in 1979, the woman who discovered what the universe is made of has not so much as received a memorial plaque. Her newspaper obituaries do not mention her greatest discovery. We learn in high school student that Isaac Newton discovered gravity, that Charles Darwin discovered evolution, and that Albert Einstein discovered the relativity of time. But when it comes to the composition of our universe, the textbooks simply say that the most abundant atom in the universe is hydrogen. And no one ever wonders how we know.”
Jeremy Knowles, discussing the complete lack of recognition Cecilia Payne gets, even today, for her revolutionary discovery.
Jeremy Knowles, discussing the complete lack of recognition Cecilia Payne gets, even today, for her revolutionary discovery.
"OH WAIT LEMME TELL YOU ABOUT CECILIA PAYNE.
"OH WAIT LEMME TELL YOU ABOUT CECILIA PAYNE.
Cecilia Payne’s mother refused to spend money on her college education, so Cecilia won a scholarship to Cambridge.
Cecilia Payne’s mother refused to spend money on her college education, so Cecilia won a scholarship to Cambridge.
She completed her studies, but Cambridge wouldn’t give her a degree because she was a woman, so she moved to the United States to work at Harvard.
She completed her studies, but Cambridge wouldn’t give her a degree because she was a woman, so she moved to the United States to work at Harvard.
Cecilia Payne was the first person ever to earn a Ph.D. in astronomy from Radcliffe College, with what Otto Strauve called “the most brilliant Ph.D. thesis ever written in astronomy.”
Cecilia Payne was the first person ever to earn a Ph.D. in astronomy from Radcliffe College, with what Otto Strauve called “the most brilliant Ph.D. thesis ever written in astronomy.”
Not only did Cecilia Payne discover what the universe is made of, she also discovered what the sun is made of. Henry Norris Russell, a fellow astronomer, is usually given credit for discovering that the sun’s composition is different from the Earth’s, but he came to his conclusions four years later than Payne—after telling her not to publish.
Not only did Cecilia Payne discover what the universe is made of, she also discovered what the sun is made of. Henry Norris Russell, a fellow astronomer, is usually given credit for discovering that the sun’s composition is different from the Earth’s, but he came to his conclusions four years later than Payne—after telling her not to publish.
Cecilia Payne is the reason we know basically anything about variable stars (stars whose brightness as seen from earth fluctuates). Literally every other study on variable stars is based on her work.
Cecilia Payne is the reason we know basically anything about variable stars (stars whose brightness as seen from earth fluctuates). Literally every other study on variable stars is based on her work.
Cecilia Payne was the first woman to be promoted to full professor from within Harvard, and is often credited with breaking the glass ceiling for women in the Harvard science department and in astronomy, as well as inspiring entire generations of women to take up science.
Cecilia Payne was the first woman to be promoted to full professor from within Harvard, and is often credited with breaking the glass ceiling for women in the Harvard science department and in astronomy, as well as inspiring entire generations of women to take up science.
Cecilia Payne is awesome and everyone should know her."
Cecilia Payne is awesome and everyone should know her."
WHERE DID WE COME FROM?
view video Big Bang Theory Theme https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7dTnBAlmStE [0.24]
TASK
TASK
Read: https://allinonehighschool.files.wordpress.com/2018/03/day-171-cosmictimes.pdf
summarise the main ideas of the two theories presented
use DDL to explain how evidence is used to support each theory
Read 1965 article Murmur of a bang https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/educators/programs/cosmictimes/
use Thinking Note Keys to process the information
identify new evidence
use DDL to explain how the theory had changed in ten years
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
TASK
TASK
View video Tour of the EMS Introduction https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lwfJPc-rSXw&feature=youtu.be&list=PL09E558656CA5DF76 [5.01]
View video Tour of the EMS Introduction https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lwfJPc-rSXw&feature=youtu.be&list=PL09E558656CA5DF76 [5.01]
Use STTWS to describe the relationship between the wavelength and
Use STTWS to describe the relationship between the wavelength and
- frequency of electromagnetic waves
- frequency of electromagnetic waves
- colour of electromagnetic waves
- colour of electromagnetic waves
TASK
TASK
To investigate red shift evidence for universe expansion, view videos:
To investigate red shift evidence for universe expansion, view videos:
- Red Shift mp4
- Red Shift mp4
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